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In this article I write not only about "Burmese tattoos," but place this subject in the right historical and cultural context. Let's start their journey into the realm of tattoos

What do you remember or know about the year 1991? Not many? Let me help you remember. That was the year when the 1st Gulf War, former Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, was assassinated, and Space Shuttle Columbia rose from Cape Canaveral to get Spacelab into the field. Concerning the theme of this article, the most important event of 1991 was the discovery of Iceman "Oetzi" in Europe on 19 September 1991 in Europe. The extremely well-preserved mummy was frozen at the Fineilspitze glacier in the Austrian Alps at the Austrian / Tyrolean border at an altitude of 10,530 ft. You clearly see the question marks in your eyes and hear your questions about what the so-called Burmese tattoos on earth are related to Europe, 4.140 nautical miles / 7,770 km from Burma and who for Oetzi's sake, "Iceman" Van. Do not be impatient, now I give you the answer; You will be surprised.

First of all, I'll tell you who you are Oetzi. Oetzi's nickname is found in the Oetztal Alps) for a middle-aged man (about 46 years old) who is likely to have a higher status (wearing a long-lasting image that was the status symbol). At the same time, between 3239 and 3105, he found the BCE's violent end (because he was murdered) at the place where he or she was (or remained) close to him. He (his mummy) is about 5,300 years old at the time of writing, and to date, valuable information for scholars remains a treasure chest.

Now I'll tell you what your relationship with Burma is. "Oetzi" is the oldest evidence I have ever realized, that I was wearing tattoos in the Copper Age, for 19 of them 61 (wrist, lower leg, lower back, chest, etc.). Some sources refer to 49 tattoos, the first tattoo found in 1991 when it was discovered. This number has grown over time because there are more and more tattoos that are sometimes barely visible on the dark background of the skin. The last one was discovered in December 2015, which rose to a total of 61.

Although there are links between migration and travel patterns between Western European countries in Central and Eastern Europe (certain mummies are found in China with strong European, Caucasian and Eurasian origin). I do not want to say that the art of tattoo spread from Europe to Burma, because – I think – it is quite stupid to assume that the tattoo is at a specific place and has started spreading around the world and then from there.

Archaeological findings have been reported at various places around the world suggesting that tattoos exist, making it more likely that at the beginning of the tattoo, at different times and in different cultures, independently of each other, and from these regions and cultures To neighboring regions and cultures until then There was no place on the planet where the tattoo was not known and practiced. Nobody will know what it was like, but that's my idea of ​​what it was like.

Regions and cultures today are those that make up Burma (since 1989 Myanmar) Tattoos have long been established since other parts of the world have been an integral part of many cultures.

I admit that I was serious about getting tattooed at the same time. Finally, I decided against HIV health problems, and I do not have it. The same applies to my wife, my daughter and my granddaughter (OK, the latter is still too small to be tattooed). But I see them differently (tattoos) every day. Everywhere and from the morning to the evenings they are in all qualities and from unanimous to multicolored.

In Burma – mostly men – at least one tattoo is very rare to be an integral part of the tattoo The so-called "Burmese culture" and the largely superstitious Burmese people are highly regarded. That's why I decided to write an article about Burmese tattoos.

Everything I knew about a tattoo when I decided to write that a tattoo is an image that is more or less artistic insertion into the skin. I believe that with this tattoo I supposed that writing about them would not be great, and I was afraid that I would not have enough stuff to fill a single page; Far from the trademark. I'm sure I knew about the tattoo that it was not bad, but to think that everything had to be known that it was. It was as if to believe that all maths involved multiplying tables. I quickly realized that there is much more to the tattoo theme, but unfortunately only a few authentic, reliable and not easy sources (the most you see on the internet are plagiarism or copyright infringement) on the topic Tattooing and "Body Care" Dance Tattoos ": Enormous and extremely complex, though a very interesting topic. Subsequently, this article does not mean covering and explaining everything about tattoos, tattoos, and related matters. This article is limited to the fact that the qualitative minimum is generally applied to tattooing topics and generally to 'Burmese tattoos', in particular in the shortest and most detailed way possible.

Let's go back to the beginning of the tattoo, huh? For me, the beginning means finding answers to general questions first when, where and why did tattooing or tattooing others?

When did tattooing people Or did people tattoo? Bodyforming has proven to be an ancient art in tattooing, and the question of when and how the tattoo began is really open to speculation and will never answer it. "

I agree with the assumption that from the beginning there was probably a wear in which the dirt remained after the skin speed. The art of tattooing has evolved from the accidental consequences of injury; It has me a sense. Time that proves that people are tattooed, we already have a sufficient answer since the "Izetik" was called "Oetzi" to the oldest known tattooed person.

But that does not mean that there were no tattoos in previous cultures and that there are no older tattooed mummies waiting to wait. However, all the other archeological finds, such as the remains of black, blue and red pigment pigments, as well as small, sharp and sharp rock fragments, long needles made of fish bone and horn, etc. Tattoos are mere proof. These things were discovered in different lands across different continents, and some of them even before the last great ice age (12,000 years ago or BC 9500, the Neolithic era) allowed the hypothetical conclusion that the tattoo was probably already known and practiced. Previously mentioned are mere evidence and untraditional evidence. Final evidence requires discovering tattoos on a mummified human body or at least one of the preserved skin identified as human skin with a tattoo that is older than "Oetzie."

Tattooed? It is the first evidence for tattooed people and answers the question where people are likely to tattoo or tattoo the people they already have: the European continent – more precisely in today's days Austria and Italy, and Most likely in neighboring countries – such as & # 39; Oetz & # 39; Proven to be envied. From the later eras, such as the Persian Empire, the Byzantine Empire, the Ottoman Empire, ancient Egypt, the Roman Empire, the Mongol Empire, the Chinese Dynasties and the South American Incas, Mayan Aztec empires, as well as any region in which these empires are featured, are full of mummies or mummies as abundant evidence. Hats of the right cultures are already tattooing cultures.

The cut is the name of scratch or scraping, however, is a method that significantly deviates from piercing and piercing. As the name suggests, the cutting method requires that even deep cuts of up to 5 mm be made, literally "carve" tattooing into the skin. After the cuts, the tattoo ink is rubbed. This method causes pain in the tattoo, which explains that "tapping" the tattoo is not only seen as a tattoo, but as a sacrificial act.

However, magic tattoos are far from being sufficient, for example, with injured or supernatural abilities. In order to develop his magical power completely, the tattoo must be a monk. The monk must pray the prayer during the tattooing process and blow the tattoo to activate the skills he needs to perform magical tasks. The place of tattoos is also crucial. For example, if the snake tattoo is not on the ankle, it does not protect you from snake. Other tattooing methods are the method used by Tebori technique, Maoris New Zealand (Maori mask) and Alaska and Canadian inuit strains, which I mention here for ending, without further intent to further develop them in this inuit strain.

Place and time.

At the beginning of this chapter I would like a quick trip to the Burmese past because it helps to better understand the following. I often hear or read things like "Tattoos have always been in Burmese culture, as Shans got the craftsmen in South China before taking Burma." Such formulations or similar words prove that the theme of "Burmese History" is a testimony of the serious lack of scientists who wrote or said these. Why is this so? This is because it is simply not true, it is grossly misleading. Let me explain; Words like a.m. Give the impression that Burma and a Burmese culture existed in the period in question (200 BC or hundreds of years later). That certainly is not the case. Why not? At the time when art of tattoos and tattooing became part of the shan culture, its first Burmese arrival in today's Burmese region has been over 1,100 years. When the Burmese arrived, tattooing has played an important role in the culture of many ethnic groups that make up the population of Burma today (since Myanmar has also been in 1989). And the Mon, once powerful men, with their huge kingdoms, now South Burma and Thailand, even tattooed their cultures before the first Burmese release. Keep in mind that at that time we are not talking about Burma or Thailand. The Mon kingdoms, the Pythagoras, and the Shan kingdoms existed.

Independent Burma is only 68 years old (Myanmar, since it has been called for only 27 years since 1989), so Burma / Myanmar is very And in that light, it is not right to speak of Burmese tattoos, not to mention the ancient Burmese tattoo or Burmese culture. What existed before 1948 (British British colonial Burmese years became irrelevant to the British) was the British colonial Burma, and before it several kingdoms such as the Mon kingdom, the Pythagorean, the Arak kingdom, the Shan kingdom and the smaller and Larger Bamar kingdoms. But for a better understanding, I will continue to pursue "Burmese culture" and "Burmese tattoo".

So let's go back to the theme of the "Burmese tattoo". Before answering the question, what exactly is the so-called "Burmese tattoo" about the Burmese tattoo. The answer to this is "beyond the fact that they are made in Burma, and that some tattoos include Burmese writing, or just insecure writing." In other words, almost nothing is characteristic of the Burmese. Now, you can say, "We are almost all Burmese tattoos, especially for men, and there is no" Burmese tattoo "? My answer is yes, there are many tattoos in Burma, and if you find that you can unacceptable generalize things so that without distinction Says that in Burma, in relation to tattooing and otherwise Burmese, then – although this is wrong – the "Burmese tattoo." Nevertheless, I suggest that attention be paid to the early facts and to the following historical facts

The tattoo of most Burmese does not mean that their tattoos are typical of "Burmese" Stylish Tattoos. " The culture of Bamar / Burma, after which the country was named because they are the largest ethnic group, was not a tattoo culture when Bamar arrived in Burma but accepted the art of tattooing existing people and cultures. That is, they did not have their own tattoos when they arrived and did not specifically design their Bamar / Burman tattoo styles and designs. And there is no Burmese race that is as large as a common culture, which can be rightly called "Burmese culture".

Burma is a rich ethnic country and almost all of these ethnic minorities have their own tattoo plans to distinguish themselves from other tribes. This type of tattoo is tribal tattoo, and many of them are in Burma, but not "Burmese tattoos." In Burma there are many Buddhist tattoos, animistic tattoos and a blend of them, but they are not a typical "Burmese-style tattoo" again. Is not enough example? OK, here's another one. You can see many "healing tattoos" in Burma, but they are not unique Burmese because such tattoos are similar to tattoo cultures like points, points, and lines within the acupuncture points system. Again, there is no way for a "specifically Burmese plan".

There is no problem identifying the following: A Chinese tattoo like Chinese and Japanese tattoos as the Japanese moment when you see them because they are very distinctive designs and patterns but this is not so with the so-called "Burmese tattoos "Because the use of Buddhist plans and patterns is the same The animistic patterns and patterns used and used by other Southeast Asian Buddhist countries are not distinctly different from neighboring Buddhist countries and Thai, Lao and Cambodian cultures. Thus, the "Burmese" Buddhist tattoo does not carry any distinctive mark even if the script is part of the tattoo because the text will be in Pali.

There are, however, very interesting and decorative tattoo designs and patterns such as the Chin strains and the tattoo of the pants to the Shan, which – although they are not the only Burmese – Burma is still famous. The face tattoo is no longer made because it has been banned by law since 1962 and the pants tattoo lost its original function and became "obsolete." Although face tattoos are forbidden, Chin strains still practicing their faces Tattoo tradition until the late 1990s and there are rumors that the law prohibits face tattoos in remote rural areas still does not adhere to. Perhaps this is the case, the fact remains that the tradition of tattoos in the face and pants is on the verge of extinction. For this reason, older members of the majority of Chin and Shan communities who are still proud of these tattoos and often live in distant villages in the State of Arakan (face tattoos), Chin State (facial tattoo) and Shan State (pants tattoo). As a professional photographer, Anthropologists, ethnologists and tourists, the last living trousers and the tattooed generation of the face. Below I will briefly describe the face and pants tattoo patterns, their origins, and tattooing processes. As far as the latter is concerned, I am confined to the "technical" part and do not include other aspects such as religious and solemnities.